根据句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。
1)简单句的五种基本句型
1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] 如：The children are playing happily.
2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] 如：The Greens enjoy living in China.
3. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P]
该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等The apple pie tastes really delicious.
4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO]
这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如：
① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me.
② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] We must keep our school clean.
练习：
用五个英语的基本句型各造3个英语句子
1.[S + V]
________________________________________________________________
2. [S+V+O]
________________________________________________________________
3.[S+V+P ________________________________________________________________
4.[S+V+InO+DO] ________________________________________________________________
5.[S+V+O+OC]
________________________________________________________________
2）一般疑问句
一般疑问句对全句提出疑问，用yes或no回答。其结构为：be动词(is, am, was, were)或情态动词(can, will, shall)或助动词(do, does, did)+主语+其他？通常译为"...吗？"如：Are you a student? Can you sing an English song? Did they watch TV last night?
练习：
I. 将下列句子改为一般疑问句。1-4句作肯定回答，5-8句作否定回答。
1. My sister is older than Mary.
____________________________________________________________
2. They like collecting leaves.
____________________________________________________________
3. Mr Green was here yesterday.
____________________________________________________________
4. We took lots of pictures last week.
____________________________________________________________
5. Jim does well in English.
____________________________________________________________
6. She can sing and dance.
____________________________________________________________
7. There are some sheep on the hill.
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II．根据所给答语，选择相应的问句。
( )1.Yes, I do. A. Is it time to have a lesson?
( )2. No, you can't. B. Do you often go to the supermarket ?
( )3. No, she isn't. C. Are their friends from different countries?
( )4. Yes, they are. D. Is Nancy a Japanese girl?
( )5. No, it's time to have a rest. E. Can I play the piano now?
( )6. No, he didn't. F. Did Sam run faster than Tom three years ago?
III. 根据实际情况回答问题。
1. Are you a student?
________________________________________
2. Is your mum a nurse?
________________________________________
3. Do you like English?
________________________________________
4. Are there any Japanese students in your school?
________________________________________
5. Would you like some apples?
________________________________________
知识要点
3）特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导，针对句子中的某一个具体部分提问，要求作具体回答。特殊疑问句的结构一般是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序？我们所用的"对划线部分提问"的题目就是将陈述句转变为特殊疑问句。
练习：
对下列句中画线部分内容提问。
1. Her uncle is John.
________________________________________________.
2. Her uncle's name is John.
________________________________________________.
3. They go to school at about 7:00 every morning.
_______________________________________________.
4. My father is a driver.
_______________________________________________.
5. They are going to fly kites in the park.
_______________________________________________.
6. It's about four kilometers away from here.
_______________________________________________.
7. My father is cleaning the car.
_______________________________________________.
8. The woman in the car is my aunt.
_______________________________________________.
