一、重点短语
1. look at 看一看
2. over there 在那边
3. in English 用英语
4. excuse me 打扰了
5. in the pond 在池塘里
6. play with 和… 一起玩
7. of course 当然
8. swim well 游泳好
9. pet shop 宠物店
10. a lot of 很多
11. jump through a ring 越过圆环
12. ride a horse 骑马
13. ride a bike 骑自行车
14. climb up a ladder 爬梯子
15. come here 过来
16. come along 过来
17. come with me 跟我来
18. show… around 带…参观
19. this way 这边走
20. borrow … from 从…借
21. borrow books 借书
22. read stories 读故事
23. make things 制作东西
24. speak English 说英语
25. draw pictures 画画
26. have art classes 上美术课
27. dance room 舞蹈教室
28. how often 多久一次
29. science lab 科学实验室
30. language lab 语音室
31. how many 多少
32. other activities 其他活动
33. do experiments 做实验
34. do listening 练听力
35. observe things 观察事物
36. do speaking 练口语
37. New Year’s Day 元旦
38. meeting hall 会议大厅
39. Children’s Day 儿童节
40. be good at 擅长
41. be interested in 对…感兴趣
42. music club 音乐俱乐部
43. no one 没有人
44.play the violin 拉小提琴
45. art club 美术俱乐部
46. come into 进入
47.listen to music 听音乐
48. cut out 剪下
49. come from 来自
50. up and down 上上下下
51. in groups 成组
52. science corner 科学角
53. group work 小组活动
54. do project work 做项目制作
55. art corner 美术角
56. computer corner 电脑角
57.play football 踢足球
58. be famous for 因…闻名
59. study plants and animals 研究动植物
60. do exercises 做运动
61. on the field 在操场上
62. do printing on the paper 在纸上印刷
63. how about …怎么样?
64.go on field trips 田野考察
65. play volleyball 打排球
66. play basketball 打篮球
67. play hockey 打曲棍球
68. play rugby 打橄榄球
69. in the forest 在森林里
70. have a look at 看一看
71. here you are 给你
72. how much 多少(钱)
73. a pair of 一双;一对
74. try on 试穿
75. shoe shop 鞋店
76. clothes shop 服装店
77. make a shopping list 做购物单
78. sports shop 体育用品商店
79. cake shop 蛋糕店
80. pay for 付钱
81. feel well 感觉好
82. see a doctor 看医生
83. take good care of 好好照顾
84. have a bad cold 得了重感冒
85. have a fever 发烧
86. have a stomachache 胃疼
87. have a headache 头疼
88. have a toothache 牙疼
89. have a cough 咳嗽
90. go to a concert 听音乐会
91. do maths problems 做数学题
92. go to the music club 去音乐俱乐部
93. have to 不得不
94. stay in bed 待在床上
95. get well 康复
96. be worried about 担心
97. don’t worry 别担心
98.help … with 帮助…做某事
99. in the hospital 在医院里
二、重点短语讲解
1. play with 和…一起玩
play with sb.(某人) 和…一起玩 play with sth.(某物) 玩某物
e.g. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother. Lucy and Lily are playing with their doll.
2. a lot of 很多 a lot of = lots of + 可数名词复数或不可数名词
e.g. 同义句转换 There are a lot of apples on the table. = There are ______ ______ apples on the table. (答案：lots of)
3. how often 多久一次
how often 是一个特殊疑问词，就频率提问。英语表示频率的词：一次：once两次：twice 特殊
其他次数：基数词+times 构成 例如：8次 eight times
e.g. --How often do you go to the library?
--I go to the library once a week. (注：如就划线部分提问，应用特殊疑问词how often)
4. how many 多少
how many/much 就数量提问 how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词
e.g.-- How many boys are there in your class? -- There are 40 boys in my class.
-- How much water is there in the bottle? - There is a little water in the bottle.
5. be good at 擅长 at 后 可加名词 如加动词，动词应用动名词形式 既 v + ing
e.g. I am good at English.
6. be interested in 对…感兴趣in 后 可加名词 如加动词，动词应用动名词形式 既 v + ing
e.g. I am interested in English.
7. play the violin 拉小提琴 乐器前加定冠词 the
8. listen to music 听音乐 听…，用listen to
(1). 听音乐前，不加定冠词the (2). 听收音机前，要加定冠词the : listen to the radio
9. come from 来自，come from = be from， I come from China. = I am from China.
易错点：Where are you come from? (错误) Where do you come from? (正确)
10. play football 踢足球 球类名词前不加冠词
11. be famous for 因…闻名
12. have a look at 看一看
have a look at = look at
13. how much 多少(钱)how much 用来询问价格
14. a pair of 一双;一对 a pair of glasses; a pair of trousers; a pair of gloves
15. try on 试穿
试穿鞋子 try on the shoes = try the shoes on
试穿它 此处它是代词，只能放在 try on 之间 try it on
14. see a doctor 看医生
常用表示“看”的单词有： watch; see; look; read
watch: 用于看电视，比赛等; watch TV watch football match
see: 看见 强调结果，看到什么;看医生、看电影时用see ; see a film; see a doctor
15. take good care of 好好照顾 take (good) care of = look after
16. have a fever 发烧
have a + 表示症状的单词 have a fever; have a toothache; have a headache
have + 病名 have measles (麻疹) have mumps (腮腺炎)
17. have to 不得不， Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she can’t come to the party.
重点：含有have to 的句子变否定 用don’t 或 doesn’t
e.g. She has to finish her homework..
She doesn’t have to finish her homework. (正确) She has not to finish her homework.(错误)
18. be worried about 担心 She is worried about her exam.
19. help … with 帮助…做某事 help …with = help sb. (to) do sth.
Peter helps her mother with the housework. = Peter helps her mother (to) do the housework.
三、重点单词用法
1. call v. 称作 What do you call it in English?
2. like v. 喜欢
like sth. I like English very much.
like to do sth. I like reading very much, but I don’t like to read now.
like doing sth.
3. let’s + 动词原形 Let’s (=let us) make animals. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
4. want v. 想，想要
want sth. I want a piece of paper.
want to do sth. I want to watch TV.
5. 情态动词
情态动词很简单，没有人称数之变，动词原形后边站，can表能力 may许可 should应该 would愿 must必须 ，否定needn’t换 have to不得不表客观
四、重点语法
A) 一般现在时
1. 概念：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2. 构成：一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式：
(1)be型：句子的谓语动词只有be(am，is或are)：
a.肯定句中，只出现be，如：
I am a student.我是一名学生。
b.否定句中，要在be后面加not，如：
She isn't a teacher.她不是教师。
c.一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头(注意句首字母大写)，句尾用问号，答语用Yes，主语+be.或No，主语 + be + not.如：
—Are you ready?—你准备好了吗?
—Yes，I am.—是的，我准备好了。
(—No，I'm not.—不，我没准备好。)
(2)实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词)：
a.肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如：
I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。
b.否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do(does)+not，do(does)作助动词，本身无意义，常与not缩写成don't(doesn't)，如：
I don't like vegetables.我不喜欢蔬菜。
c.一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do(does)，句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes，主语+do(does).或No，主语+do(does)+not.如：
—Do you like oranges?—你喜欢桔子吗?
—Yes，I do.—是的，我喜欢。
(—No，I don't.—不，我不喜欢。)
3. 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.
B) 一般将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本结构：① be going to + do; ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词(am, is, are)后加not或will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.
例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When. 例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
七、be going to和will 的区别
be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，但它们的用法是有区别的。
1. be going to主要用于：
(1)、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算要做的事情。
What are you going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么?
Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京剧。
I’m going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。 She’s going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。
(2)、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。
e.g. Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧!乌云密集，天要下雨。
I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。
2. will主要用于在以下几个方面：
(1)、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。
e.g. They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。
I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。
(2)、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。
e.g. Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明天是(将)是星期日。
He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。
(3)、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令.
e.g. Will you please turn on the radio? 请打开收音机好吗?
C) 现在进行时
构成:主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式
第一人称+ am + v-ing 第二人称+ are + v-ing 第三人称+ is +v-ing
现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
c. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动
I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
d. 有些动词(状态动词不用于进行时态)
(1)表示知道或了解的动词:believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize, suppose, understand
(2)表示“看起来”“看上去"appear, resemble, seem
(3)表示喜爱或不喜爱hate, like, lover, prefer
(4)表示构成或来源的动词 be, come, from, contain, include
(5)表示感官的动词 hear see smell sound taste
(6)表示拥有的动词belong to, need, own, possess, want, wish
2022-09-21
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