format：设置输出格式
对浮点性变量，缺省为format short.
format并不影响matlab如何计算和存储变量的值。对浮点型变量的计算，即单精度或双精度，按合适的浮点精度进行，而不论变量是如何显示的。对整型变量采用整型数据。整型变量总是根据不同的类（class）以合适的数据位显示，例如，3位数字显示显示int8范围 -128：127。
format short, long不影响整型变量的显示。
format long 显示15位双精度，7为单精度（scaled fixed point）
format short 显示5位(scaled fixed point format with 5 digits)
format short eng 至少5位加3位指数
format long eng 16位加至少3位指数
format hex 十六进制
format bank 2个十进制位
format + 正、负或零
format rat 有理数近似
format short 缺省显示
format long g 对双精度，显示15位定点或浮点格式，对单精度，显示7位定点或浮点格式。
format short g 5位定点或浮点格式
format short e 5位浮点格式
format long e 双精度为15位浮点格式，单精度为7为浮点格式
FORMAT Set output format.
FORMAT with no inputs sets the ouput format to the default appropriatefor the class of the variable. For float variables, the default is
FORMAT SHORT.
FORMAT does not affect how MATLAB computations are done. Computations
on float variables, namely single or double, are done in appropriate
floating point precision, no matter how those variables are displayed.
Computations on integer variables are done natively in integer. Integer
variables are always displayed to the appropriate number of digits for
the class, for example, 3 digits to display the INT8 range -128:127.
FORMAT SHORT and LONG do not affect the display of integer variables.
FORMAT may be used to switch between different output display formats
of all float variables as follows:
FORMAT SHORT Scaled fixed point format with 5 digits.
FORMAT LONG Scaled fixed point format with 15 digits for double
and 7 digits for single.
FORMAT SHORT E Floating point format with 5 digits.
FORMAT LONG E Floating point format with 15 digits for double and
7 digits for single.
FORMAT SHORT G Best of fixed or floating point format with 5 digits.
FORMAT LONG G Best of fixed or floating point format with 15 digits
for double and 7 digits for single.
FORMAT may be used to switch between different output display formats
of all numeric variables as follows:
FORMAT HEX Hexadecimal format.
FORMAT + The symbols +, - and blank are printed
for positive, negative and zero elements.
Imaginary parts are ignored.
FORMAT BANK Fixed format for dollars and cents.
FORMAT RAT Approximation by ratio of small integers.
FORMAT may be used to affect the spacing in the display of all
variables as follows:
FORMAT COMPACT Suppresses extra line-feeds.
FORMAT LOOSE Puts the extra line-feeds back in.
Example:
format short, pi, single(pi)
displays both double and single pi with 5 digits as 3.1416 while
format long, pi, single(pi)
displays pi as 3.14159265358979 and single(pi) as 3.1415927.
format, intmax('uint64'), realmax
shows these values as 18446744073709551615 and 1.7977e+308 while
format hex, intmax('uint64'), realmax
shows them as ffffffffffffffff and 7fefffffffffffff respectively.
The HEX display corresponds to the internal representation of the value
and is not the same as the hexadecimal notation in the C programming
language.
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